December 30, 2006

Luxor (12/30)

It’s way more than just a fancy casino in Las Vegas. Actually there aren’t any pyramids to be found in Luxor, which was the new ancient capital of Thebes, located much farther south of the famous pyramids at Giza/Cairo. Far more impressive than the Pyramids, Luxor was the highlight of our trip in Egypt. There were three thousand year old temples, with its walls and pillars completely covered in carvings and even still showing the colors of paints. There were the amazingly preserved tombs of the Pharos of the Valley of the Kings, and there was the Nile—a true green oasis in the middle of an extremely arid desert.

Daniel

For pictures, click here

Luxor and Valley of the Kings


Luxor gave us a true sense of the magnitude and affluence during the Egyptian Kingdoms. An early morning flight from chaotic Cairo carried us away from modern times into the heart of ancient Egypt. Honestly, we didn’t really know what to expect. We knew there were a few sites located here – after all they named a major casino/hotel after it. But we were absolutely amazed at what we saw.

First, the rural or small town setting amid enormous temples and palaces simply added to the impact. This was a huge difference from the Sphinx and the Pyramids at Giza. The KFC and Pizza Hut (just across the street) really take away from the mystique that has surrounded Giza. However, Luxor has not become overrun (yet) and the temples we visited were especially memorable. Each site was in amazing condition. Almost all the surfaces were covered with intricately carved reliefs – as sharp as if they had been completed a few years ago. Even more amazing is that when these temples were active thousands of years ago they were decorated with bright colors (mostly precious metals and brilliant natural blues, reds, and yellows). To this day, the few remaining ceiling panels of the Karnak Temple still retain most of their color.

Temples of Karnak:
These were the most impressive just based on their magnitude. The Karnak area was sacred during the New Kingdom, and each Pharaoh tried to leave his mark on the complex by adding additional pylons or temples over 500 years. It was here that we were introduced to the major cast of characters that we would hear about over and over again: Amenhotep III, Seti I, Hatshepsut (the female pharoh), Ramses II, Ramses III.

The Luxor Temple:
This was the second major site we toured – another colossal monument with towering obelisks and a massive colonnade. It is an interesting place especially because it has been built over in the past 2300 years. In one part of the complex is a working mosque that was built and still remains part of the temple. Another part has a temple where the walls were plastered over and painted with Christian frescoes by the Romans. One other fun thing about the place: the obelisk we have become familiar with in Paris (it stands today at Place de Concorde) was originally from this temple.

The Valley of the Kings:
Although the landscape here was about as desolate as you can get, the tombs below were extremely colorful. We visited four tombs on our visit, each slightly different—but with the general principle of a highly decorated passageway leading to several small rooms. The main chamber is where the mummified body was placed, in a beautiful jeweled sarcophagus. The other rooms were used as store houses for all the Pharaohs’ necessities in the afterlife. The theory was that after the tomb was sealed, the entire place would “come alive” and the Pharaoh could use whatever he had “brought” with him in his afterlife. Most of the tombs have been raided over the thousands of years since their creation, but one was rediscovered by archeologists in its entirety: the tomb of Tutankhamun (King Tut). What makes King Tut’s tomb so famous is not that he was a particularly important Pharaoh or that the tomb was especially large or special. It really is just that it is the only tomb to be discovered with all its goodies still inside. Compared to the other tombs his was tiny…only two chambers and no carvings. Historians, think that this usually meant that the Pharaoh died unexpectedly. According to tradition they must be buried in XXX days. So King Tut’s tomb was actually a rush job! The Cairo museum now exhibits all the riches and valuable found in Tut’s tomb.

Deir-el-Medina
This is the remains of the town where the artisans lived who worked to build and decorate the Pharos’ tombs in the Valley of the Kings. A rarely visited site, it was quite a treat to visit the tombs here. They were in incredible condition, with extremely vivid colors from the XX thousand year old paints carefully applied by the masters of this trade.

Temple of Hatshepsut (Deir al-Bahri)
Thiswas another desert sanctuary most famous because the Pharaoh behind its construction was not a man. Hatshepsut ruled as Pharaoh for 15 years after her husband died and their son was not yet old enough to rule – making her reagent. The temple is striking and can be seen clearly from the Nile like an entrance to a massive desert fortress. Interestingly, Hatshepsut masculinized herself, wearing the Pharaonic beard and masculine clothes—likely to increase her acceptance and legitimacy as Pharaoh. After her death, her successors took many efforts at literally erasing her from the history books—going as far as rubbing out her name at many of the temples across the kingdom.

December 26, 2006

Petra (12/25-26)

So for those of you who have never heard of Petra or have never seen pictures BUT are movie buffs, think ‘Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade’ and the lost city where Harrison Ford, Sean Connery, and the Nazis go in search of the Holy Grail....that’s Petra. It’s no film set, it's for real and it’s even more spectacular in person than on the big screen.

Kimberly

For pictures, click here.

Petra


They call Petra the “Rose City” for a lot of the stone and rock in the city is a light rose color. The reality is they should have called it the “Rose, blueberry, curry, slate, and chocolate city” as there are many other natural colors there…all of which are equally beautiful. What makes this city so remarkable isn’t just it’s obscure location and that it is hidden in a network of siqs and canyons, nor the fact that the city is huge and has an incredible variety of different tombs and buildings, nor how well some of the tombs and monuments are preserved, nor their massiveness, nor the fact that the builders created a complex network of damns and water channels to bring water into the city - what really makes it so incredible is that almost the entire city was carved out of the canyon and siq walls by hand….now that fact combined with all previously mentioned should impress the pants off of anyone.

To be honest, it is really hard to describe in words the splendor that is Petra. It is simply one of the most amazing things I have ever seen anywhere in the world. It is incredible to think that these huge structures were carved directly into the cliffs of this beautiful canyon thousands of years ago. Many of them show the erosion of time, wind, and sand. But others are preserved like they were built yesterday.

After walking a mile through the narrow siq with its 200 meter high ways,
stumbling upon "The Treasury" must have been quite an experience for the first explorers. Even we were speechless at first sight of this incredible wonder, and we knew what we were going to find at the end of our walk! We did not realize, however, that The Treasury is just one of many of these carved Nabatean tombs that survive in this valley. Our other favorite monument was "The Monastery," which we reached after a tiring 45 minute hike up the cliffs of the canyon (Merrill ended up taking a donkey, but only after long negotiations!).

Really, the whole sight is simply spectacular. I cannot describe it any better. You just have to visit to see for yourself! (Or take a look at our pictures in the meanwhile!)

December 25, 2006

Jordan: Jerash & Kings' Highway (12/24-25)

We arrived in Jordan and first visited the most amazing Roman ruins we have ever seen...not what you expect for the Middle East, right?! Then we spent Christmas day driving through the Kings' Highway in Jordan. With local castles, intact Roman sites, and Mt. Nebo (site where Moses is preseumed to have seen Jerusalem.

Daniel

For photos, click here:

Jordan: Jerash & Kings' Highway


I'll be perfectly honest, when we started planning a trip to Jordan and Egypt - I was not especially interested or comfortable with the idea. I might as well go have a picnic in some gang infested inner-city neighborhood, right? Sadly, our media does a very good job of almost training us to feel uncomfortable, nervous about a country or region that we know so little about. So, with that said, our visit to Jordan was eye opening and a breath of fresh air.

Of course, it helped that our guide in Jordan, Sufian Twassi (aka Abu Gazi), was phenomenal in all respects. In Jordan tradtion, it is more respectful to call Sufian, "Father of Gazi" his first born son than by his own first name. The same tradition applies to the women, so Umm Gazi or "Mother of Gazi". Abu Gazi made us feel unbelievebly welcome in his home, shared his family stories, and really added color to our experience way beyond any lifeless monument or relic could do. (And Robert and Merrill became Abu James and Umm James...)

Our first day we made a few day trips to sites outside of Amman. Unfortunately, Amman is more of a modern working city (although we had some fantastic Lebanese/Jordanian food, there isn't much to see, historically in the city itself). So, we spent most of our first day near Ajloun (site of an ancient castle) and Jerash (a former Roman stronghold).

Ajloun was the site of many crusade battles where Europeans and Ottomans waged some serious war. The castle site was more or less barren, but it had some great viewpoints of the surrounding valley. Also, we got a decent workout scrambling up and down some pretty steep steps.

The Roman ruins in Jerash were defintely the most impressive that we have ever seen. Our Jerash visit was defined by standing next to a 100ft tall column, watching it sway in the wind, and thinking this was built 1700 years ago! These last few standing columns were enormous in every aspect and really gave a sense for how immense Roman architecture had become.

The theatre was also a fun visit. It is very well preserved and functional to boot. We took turns testing out the keystone, located just in front of the main stage. While speaking to an invisible audience in the stands, one just walks until they are standing on the keystone. All of a sudden it's like a microphone was switched on - really amazing that it still works. I even tried standing at the very last row at the top of the stadium steps, while Bob was talking at the keystone - he may have well been sitting next to me. Just the accoustics made this a fascinating visit.

The next day we set out for Petra (THE highlight of Jordan). During the 3+ hour drive to and from Petra, we paid a visit to Mt. Nebo (famous Moses site), Madaba (a live Christian city), and Karak Castle (prime example of vaulted Islamic architecture).

Mt Nebo, was historically/religiously an intersting visit. We basically stood where Moses is believed to have looked across the Red Sea and gazed upon Jerusalem. Next we visited Madaba, a strongly Christian town with numerous examples of Roman tile work - as well as a Byzantine mosaics of the known world (back then of course).

During our visit at Karak, Abu Gazi explained the significance of headscarves, who chose to wear them, and why. He also taught us about basic traditions such as marriage in Jordan. We learned that their culture it strongly tied to the extended family unit, respect for elders, and helping those less fortunate. Almost, every major tradition at some point involves a feast. Whenever a lamb or sheep is killed for such an event, the extra (there always is) is given to those in the family who need some help or other members of the community who are in need. I wondered, when was the last time I enjoyed a feast with family and shared that very blessing with others in need? Fortunately, I can improve on that...


Petra? read on...

December 22, 2006

Paris Holidays (12/01-31)

December in Paris gave us the opportunity to reflect on the cultural differences between the U.S. and France--since we were able to take a quick trip back home. Ny parents also came to visit for a second time, and we enjoyed the holiday festivities together.

For photos, click here.

Paris Holidays


Kimberly

After having spent almost three months in France, we had the opportunity to make a quick trip back to the States. The company I am going to work for next year, Bain & Co., was having a weekend meeting for all the “offerees” in next year’s class…and they offered to fly me and Dan back to San Francisco for it. Needless to say, we jumped on the opportunity to visit family and friends, and even worked in a stopover in Chicago.

What surprised me most about the trip, though, were the little things that I was completely in awe of, the little things we take for granted in the U.S., the little things I did not even realize I had missed.

I found myself way too excited and content to be in a Walgreens. Mind you, one that I had never set foot in before in San Francisco. Wandering around the aisles, I realized that I could easily find anything I needed. This concept of logical organization and standardization between stores is a completely foreign concept in France—and something so common we don’t even notice in the U.S. And, if I couldn’t find what I was looking for, a friendly Walgreens employee would be happy to help. Try that in a store in Paris, you will be lucky if you can find anyone…and if you do, you’ll most likely just get a shrug of the shoulders and puff of the lips as your response.

But at the end of the long weekend, I found myself quite happy to be returning to Paris, with its inefficiencies and indifference—but also with its joie de vivre, slow pace of life, and incomparable cheese.

After we returned, we had to prepare for my parents’ second visit to our new home. While they were here, we visited all the parts of the city that had been illuminated and decorated for the holiday season. We saw a special projection show at Notre Dame, a concert at Eglise Trinité, the lights on the Champs Elysées, and the amazing displays at Galaries Lafayette and Printemps. We were leaving together in a few days for our Christmas/New Year’s trip to Jordan and Egypt. So we prepared by attending an amazing exhibition at the Grand Palais of the underwater archaeological expedition the French carried out in the Mediterranean Sea just north of Alexandria. It certainly whet our appetite!

As we continued the uphill battle of dealing with French Bureaucracy, we had plenty of opportunities to observe the differences between the American and French attitudes towards working. (At this point in the paperwork saga, someone had apparently lost both of our Autorisations du Travail (work permits), and now we were jumping through an innumerable amount of hoops to try to get at least a copy of them.)

So when our internet stopped working, I was horrified when the nice man at France Telecom told me that I had no choice but to call Customer Service to have them resolve the issue. If you think you speak another language, it really is another test altogether when you are trying to explain an internet problem and understand instructions from a tech support guy over the phone. I now know that debrancher means to unplug. And clignotait means blinking (which the light on our internet box was not). After several times of debrancher and brancher and checking for la lumière clignotait, the tech support man told me that I had to make a rendez-vous for someone to come to our apartment to see exactly what the problem was.

Random aside: in the U.S. we have this incredible skill of romanticizing everyday French words and phrases. In the U.S. a soirée is a fun night out, usually involving doing something swanky. In France, it just means evening. My favorite one by far is rendez-vous. Literally, it translates as “return yourself”. In the U.S. we have decided it means a special, romantic meeting, often somewhat illicit—and definitely something that you would eagerly anticipate. In France, it just means appointment, often something painful and bureaucratic—and usually just some additional step in the bureaucratic nightmare that you are dreading.

So when the date of our rendez-vous finally came, I was not looking forward to waiting around all day for a grumpy French cable guy to show up and tell me that he could not solve our problem, shrug his shoulders, and leave. Boy was I surprised when he arrived on time and with a smile on his face. He proceeded to quickly ascertain that France Telecom had signed us up for an Internet connection that was too fast and too much data for our old phone-line to handle. And while he was solving our problem, he started to ask me what the differences were between the U.S. and France. What did I miss from home?

Having just returned from the U.S., I knew what my answer was to that question: customer service. I explained that in the U.S., it was unthinkable for the supermarket to close fifteen minutes early because the manager just felt like going home. That when you walk into a store, people come over to help you—rather than ignore your presence entirely. The fact that you have to pay extra to call customer service numbers is even more proof of the difference. In the U.S., you call a 1-800 number for customer service, meaning that it is completely free, not even the price of a local call. In France, it is also an 800 number, but that means the opposite: like a 900 number back home, it means you pay extra, sometimes several Euros a minute, to talk with someone to resolve a problem that you don’t want to have anyway. The cable-guy agreed this seemed like a funny approach, and even commented that it might create the incentive for French companies to make more problems so they could make money through their customer service hotline!

He asked me why I thought the difference was so strong. It’s a complicated answer, of course. The cultural differences cannot be denied, for sure. And there is the notion that America is “the land of opportunity” where anyone can work hard and become a millionaire—whereas France’s rigid class system still reeks of nobility. But I explained that I think a lot of it has to do with incentives.

In France, the employment laws are so strict, that you cannot terminate an employee without jumping through numerous hoops and paying a very pricey severance package. And that is if you can fire him at all—often you simply cannot. In the U.S., if you aren’t doing a good job, you could show up tomorrow and find out you have been let go. And in many jobs, your pay is a function of how well you do—especially in sales or retail where things are commission based. The French choose a career, usually at the age of sixteen when they select their specialty for the baccalaureat, they get certified for the career, and once they start in it, they rarely change. Why change when your employment is essentially guaranteed? And if you don’t inherently love your work, why try?

Before I continue with the French bashing, let me say that there is something truly refreshing about the lack of commercialism over here. Yes, often you meet employees who could care less if you wanted to buy something. Yes, I agree that most French people would not even understand the statement “The customer is always right.” But you also often meet employees who chose this job or opened this store because they truly love their work and helping customers. What you NEVER meet are employees who are trying to upsell you into a product you don’t need because their livelihood depends all on commission. So, if you can’t get help in this France Telecom office, try going to another. Surely after several visits, you will eventually find one of the smiling representatives who when you gush, “Thank you so much. You have been the most helpful person throughout this entire process.” They respond incredulously, “Mais bien-sûr! Cést mon métier!” (“But of course, it’s my job!”)

After an extra half-hour of chit chat and dissection of our cultures, politics, and economic systems, the cable-guy left and wished me a bon journée (good day). It wasn’t until a few weeks later that I found the following passage in Adam Gopnick’s “Paris to the Moon” that so perfectly sums up the differences in attitude that we had been trying to articulate.

"The Eiffel Tower incident of the summer of ’97 illustrates a temperamental and even intellectual difference between the two cultures. Most Americans draw their identities from the things they buy, while the French draw theirs from the jobs they do. What we think of as “French rudeness,” and what they think of as “American arrogance,” arise from this difference…. For us, an elevator operator is only a tourist’s way of getting to the top of the Eiffel Tower. For the French, a tourist is only an elevator operator’s opportunity to practice his métier [profession] in a suitably impressive setting.

The French ideal of a world in which everyone has a métier but no customers to trouble him is more practical than it might seem. It has been achieved, for instance, by the diplomats inside the quai d’Orsay, who create foreign policy of enormous subtlety and refinement which has absolutely no effect on anyone outside the building….

The elevator operator dreams of going to the top of the tower alone in his elevator, while the Anglo-Saxon tourist, in her heart of hearts (and he knows this; it’s what terrifies him the most), dreams of an automatic elevator. When the two ideals—of absolute professionalism unfettered by customers and of absolute tourism unaffected by locals—collide, trouble happens, pain is caused. Americans long for a closed society in which everything can be bought, where laborers are either hidden away or dressed up as nonhumans, as not to be disconcerting. This place is called Disney World. The French dream of a place where everyone can practice his métier in self-enclosed perfection, with the people to be served only on sufferance, as extras, to be knocked down the moment they act up. This place, come to think of it, is called Paris in July.

More favorite restaurants:

Le Comptoir du Relais
9 Carrefour de l'Odéon - 75006, Paris - 01 44 27 07 97
(One of the hottest places in Paris these days, run by the guy who really started this movement towards high quality "bistro food"...Senderens and Robuchon have since decided this is a good idea, blowing off Michelin and "downgrading" their fancy restaurants. The food is amazing-and very afforable for the quality of cuisine. Book a table a month in advance for dinner during the week (the 40 prix fixe is supposed to be amazing) or take your chances on the weekend...or come for lunch, like we did!)

La Bastide Odeon
http://www.bastide-odeon.com/
7 rue Corneille - 75006, Paris - 01 43 26 03 65
(A great taste of Provence in the heart of Paris. The food was of exceptional quality and presentation. A refreshing meal out different from your typical Paris Bistro.)

The following three places are great for some sweet snacks during your stay:

Ladurée
http://www.laduree.fr
16 rue Royale - 75008, Paris - 01 42 60 21 79
75 avenue des Champs Elysées - 75008 Paris - 01.40.75.08.75
21 rue Bonaparte - 75006 Paris - 01.44.07.64.87
(World famous macaroons..and no, not like the Jewish cookie. Imagine a chewy French meringue with tasty fillings like chocolate, coffee, raspberry, or vanilla)

Gérard Mulot
http://www.gerard-mulot.com/
76 Rue du Seine - 75006, Paris - 01 43 26 85 77
93 Rue de la Glacière - 75013, Paris - 01 45 81 39 09
(One of the best boulangeries and patiserries in Paris. Come here for the makings of an exquisite picnic in the Luxembourg Gardens. Also have salads, sandwiches, quiches, and other prepared dishes.)

Angelina
226 rue de Rivoli - 75001, Paris - 01-42-60-82-00
(The place in Paris for hot cholocate...no, not Swiss Miss style, more like a melted bar of chocolate in a cup!)

December 18, 2006

Lisbon (12/15-17)

Nothing beats a visit to another country or city when one of your travelmates is from that place & an enthusiastic guide, eager to show the best sites of his home town. Enter our friend Gustavo, a classmate of Kim's from Stanford, and his hometown, Lisbon.

For photos, click here:

Lisbon


We had coordinated with another classmate of Kim's from the Stanford GSB, Matt, who flew in from London to meet us for the weekend. Our first night in Lisbon was a sign of things to come. Gustavo is originally from Lisbon and basically planned the entire weekend. Since he was working in Madrid that week, Kim, Matt, and I had dinner without him our first night in town. Gustavo sent us to a small restaurant known for good food. As it turns out it is one of the best places in town, and we think he must have pulled some strings to get us a table. Needless to say the food was authentic Portuguese and delicious.

The next day, when Gustavo arrived from the airport we drove out to Sintra. The town is looked over by Pena Palace a beautiful castle. Another great historical site is the National Palace with Moorish and Mauritime influences the architecture and design are very unique. Also, rumor has it that the Templar Knights began in this small town – we found many examples of the infamously shaped cross. It is also rumored that they simply changed the name of their order and resettled here after the Catholic Church tried to wipe them out.

One of the best things we did was gorge on pasteles de nata (custard pastries) made fresh at Casa Pasteis de Belem famous since 1837. They treats were so tasty we ordered 3 or 4 rounds of them between the four of us. Add a little cinnamon and powdered sugar - your in heaven. Surrounded by locals and bright blue and white tiles – the late morning feast was a great way to experience Lisbon.

We also checked out the "In" neighborhood with Gustavo and his girlfriend. All five of us dined at the trendy restaurant Pap'Acorda, where the rich can famous go to be seen. Apparently, while we were there, a hand full of prominent political figures came into the restaurant. Kim and Matt both tried this famous Acorda dish ( a seafood dish that comes to the table in a large bowl with all the ingredients piled inside). The waiter performs a table side "mixing" ritual and turns the familiar ingredients into a whipped mush. Needless, to say Kim didn't finish her entree since she can't deal with food that you can't chew. We capped off our evening with a few Super Bock, the preffered Portuguese beer in the newly renovated "Docas" area.

December 11, 2006

Strasbourg (12/8-11)

During the Christmas season cities all over Germany and France (especially in the Alsace region) explode with outside markets. They sell seasonal food and drink as well as regional & not-so-regional crafts. So, we set out for Strasbourg and neighboring Colmar in northern France for some Vin Chaud (hot spiced wine) and possibly latkes (potato pancakes).

For those of you wondering, Zookie blessed us with his presence for this Christmas season trip.

For photos, click here.

Strasbourg


Daniel

We took the very convenient TGV from central Paris straight to Strasbourg. There was a really big storm that day, so all the trains were delayed. Things got back to normal relatively quickly, and we were on our way. Zookie even enjoyed sitting in his own seat (only for a minute).

We had planned this trip to meet up with a friend, Michelle, who we know from the Stanford GSB. She was working just an hour away for SAP in the German city of Heidelberg. After meeting up, we went to the town center: the Cathedral. Interestingly the surrounding square dates back to Roman times. When we arrived in the late morning, the space was packed with tons of people and rows of vendor stalls. We threw ourselves into the chaos (quickly buying a vin chaud (spiced mulled wine) & a warm orange juice with honey to warm up). We indulged in wintry treats in view of the same place where Martin Luther nailed his theses to the Cathedral doors - and started the Reformation.

While Kimberly and Michelle took a tour of the Cathedral, Zookie and I scoped out the scene in hopes of finding the "popular" food stalls. After making our first round I stopped in front of an interesting wood carvings stall. All of a sudden I heard this ear piercing howl/scream. I looked down to see Zookie crying in pain while another dog was biting his nose. I tossed my wine aside and eventually pried the other dog off Zookie. The event probably lasted 30 seconds but it seemed like forever, the entire time Zookie was screaming in pain - I felt horrible, frustrated, and angry at the owner. All I could muster in French was "where is your muzzle, your dog needs a muzzle..." Miraculously, when I knelt down to check Zookie - there wasn't a scratch! I checked again and again and he looked fine. A woman nearby came to say hello to Zookie and offered him some pizza. He, of course, greedily chowed down and seemed back to normal. As we walked back to the Cathedral, Zookie tugged and pulled towards every dog we passed - he wanted to play with everyone as if nothing ever happened. Luckily, everything else during the trip went smoothly.

Although we never found any latkes (we think that a trip across the border to Germany would have been required) we tried a local dish called Flammenkuche which is similar to a thin crust pizza with lots of ham and emmentaler cheese. We also had a good meal at Brasserie de l'Ancienne Douane, which served very traditional fare (great for the cold weather). However, one of the highlights was not so appetizing: Kimberly's meal arrived at the table with a huge fat-covered piece of pork roast that still had many hairs left on the skin....yum.

Strasbourg also has a fantastic neighborhood, La Petite France, that used to be home to the tanners, millers, and fishermen. So this area is filled with little canals - used for trade back then. With great architecture it was fun to wander and discover hidden canals, small bridges, and even more Christmas markets. La Petite France was especially picturesque at night time when they light up a number of houses.

We also visited Colmar, another smaller town in Alsace, with similar markets but a significantly less commercial feel than Strasbourg (and better snacks). We bought some wooden ornaments, tried some more traditional food: sausages, potatoes, and sauerkraut. Zookie also met some baby goats that were in a pen for the kids. Plus, some of the exposed timber buildings date back to the 1600's (Colmar was left untouched after WWII even though many towns along the German-French border were obliterated).

It was great to see the two different towns and Christmas markets, although quite a zoo, filled with tourists and locals getting into the holiday spirit!